Psalm 100 Speech Act

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Psalm 100/Speech Act
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Speech Act Analysis

What is Speech Act Analysis?

The Speech Act layer presents the text in terms of what it does, following the findings of Speech Act Theory. It builds on the recognition that there is more to communication than the exchange of propositions. Speech act analysis is particularly important when communicating cross-culturally, and lack of understanding can lead to serious misunderstandings, since the ways languages and cultures perform speech acts varies widely.

For a detailed explanation of our method, see the Speech Act Analysis Creator Guidelines.

Summary Visual

Psalm 100 - Speech Act Summary.jpg

Speech Act Analysis Chart

The following chart is scrollable (left/right; up/down).

  Legend

Verse Hebrew CBC Sentence type Illocution (general) Illocution with context Macro speech act Intended perlocution (Think) Intended perlocution (Feel) Intended perlocution (Do)
Verse number and poetic line Hebrew text English translation Declarative, Imperative, or Interrogative

Indirect Speech Act: Mismatch between sentence type and illocution type		 Assertive, Directive, Expressive, Commissive, or Declaratory

Indirect Speech Act: Mismatch between sentence type and illocution type		 More specific illocution type with paraphrased context Illocutionary intent (i.e. communicative purpose) of larger sections of discourse

These align with the "Speech Act Summary" headings		 What the speaker intends for the address to think What the speaker intends for the address to feel What the speaker intends for the address to do



If an emendation or revocalization is preferred, that emendation or revocalization will be marked in the Hebrew text of all the visuals.

Emendations/Revocalizations legend
*Emended text* Emended text, text in which the consonants differ from the consonants of the Masoretic text, is indicated by blue asterisks on either side of the emendation.
*Revocalized text* Revocalized text, text in which only the vowels differ from the vowels of the Masoretic text, is indicated by purple asterisks on either side of the revocalization.
Verse Text (Hebrew) Text (CBC) The Close-but-clear translation (CBC) exists to provide a window into the Hebrew text according to how we understand its syntax and word-to-phrase-level semantics. It is designed to be "close" to the Hebrew, while still being "clear." Specifically, the CBC encapsulates and reflects the following layers of analysis: grammar, lexical semantics, phrase-level semantics, and verbal semantics. It does not reflect our analysis of the discourse or of poetics. It is not intended to be used as a stand-alone translation or base text, but as a supplement to Layer-by-Layer materials to help users make full use of these resources. Sentence type Illocution (general) Illocution with context Macro speech act Intended perlocution (Think) Intended perlocution (Feel) Intended perlocution (Do) Speech Act Notes
1a מִזְמ֥וֹר לְתוֹדָ֑ה A psalm for a thank offering. [Superscription]
1b הָרִ֥יעוּ לַ֝יהוָ֗ה כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ Shout joyfully to YHWH, all the earth! Imperative Assertive Asserting that YHWH is worthy of the joyful shouts of all the earth (see notes below). Asserting YHWH's worthiness to be praised Asserting that YHWH is a good master who is worthy of praise Celebrating Leading Israel in the performance of a thanksgiving ceremony, centred around celebrating the covenant relationship between YHWH and his people. Audience will recognize the kingship of YHWH and his worthiness of praise. Audience will feel enthusiasm towards YHWH and his kingship. Audience will shout joyfully to YHWH and celebrate his kingship. • The verb הָרִיעוּ ""shout joyfully"" implies the celebration of a king (cf. 1 Sam 10:24). The assertion that YHWH is worthy of joyful shouts is then asserting to Israel YHWH's worthiness as king.
• For further discussion of the indirect speech act of v. 1b, see note here.
- The verb הָרִיעוּ ""shout joyfully"" implies the celebration of a king (cf. 1 Sam 10:24). The assertion that YHWH is worthy of joyful shouts is then asserting to Israel YHWH's worthiness as king
2a עִבְד֣וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה בְּשִׂמְחָ֑ה Serve YHWH with joy! Imperative Directive Exhorting Israel to a posture of joyful submission to YHWH Audience will recognize YHWH as a good master worthy of worship and service. Audience will feel joy in serving YHWH Audience will commit to serve and worship YHWH as their master The combination of עִבְדוּ (serve) with שִׂמְחָה (joy) implies service/submission to YHWH not out of fear, but because he is a good master. This imperative also implies then asserting YHWH's worthiness as a good master
2b בֹּ֥אוּ לְ֝פָנָ֗יו בִּרְנָנָֽה׃ Enter before him with exultation! Imperative Directive Exhorting Israel to joyfully enter into YHWH's presence The exhortation to joyfully (not fearfully!) draw near implies celebrating the goodness of that master Celebrating the covenant relationship between YHWH, the good master, and his people Audience will feel joyful exultation Audience will draw near to YHWH and enter the sanctuary
3a דְּע֗וּ כִּֽי־יְהוָה֮ ה֤וּא אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים Acknowledge that YHWH, he is God. Imperative Directive Exhorting Israel to acknowledge that YHWH is the one true God Celebrating Israel's intimate covenant relationship to YHWH, their good master to whom they belong and who shepherds them Audience will acknowledge that YHWH is the one true God and creator of all things Audience will feel reverance and awe at their God Audience will declare and commit to exclusive recognition of YHWH as the one true God and creator
3b הֽוּא־עָ֭שָׂנוּ *וְל֣וֹ* אֲנַ֑חְנוּ He has made us, and we are his, Declarative Assertive Celebrating that the one true God is also Israel's maker Audience will recognize YHWH is their creator Audience will feel joy and a sense of belonging towards YHWH
3c עַ֝מּ֗וֹ וְצֹ֣אן מַרְעִיתֽוֹ׃ his people and the flock of his pasture. Declarative Assertive Celebrating Israel's covenant relationship with YHWH, the shepherd who cares for them. Audience will recognize their identity as YHWH's people
4a בֹּ֤אוּ שְׁעָרָ֨יו ׀ בְּתוֹדָ֗ה Enter his gates with thanksgiving, Imperative Directive Exhorting Israel to joyfully enter into YHWH's temple courts The repeated exhortation (cf. v. 2b) to draw near to YHWH with joy and thanksgiving reflects further celebrating of his goodness and worthiness Audience will feel thankful and worshipful Audience will draw near to YHWH and enter through the gates and courts
4b חֲצֵרֹתָ֥יו בִּתְהִלָּ֑ה his courts with praise.
4c הֽוֹדוּ־ל֝֗וֹ Give thanks to him! Imperative Directive Exhorting the Israel to give thanks to YHWH Exhortating to celebrate YHWH's goodness through thanksgiving and blessing Confirming YHWH's goodness Audience will feel thankful Audience will give thanks to YHWH
4d בָּרֲכ֥וּ שְׁמֽוֹ׃ Bless his name, Imperative Directive Exhorting the Israel to bless YHWH's name Audience will bless YHWH
5a כִּי־ט֣וֹב יְ֭הֹוָה for YHWH is good, Declarative Assertive Grounding call to thank and bless (v. 4b-c) and all preceding statements in YHWH's goodness and loyalty Justifying all preceding speech acts in YHWH's goodness, loyalty, and faithfulness Providing the motivation for the preceding assertion (1b-2a), celebration (2b-4a), and confirmation (4b). Providing Motivation Audience will recognize the goodness and eternal loyalty and faithfulness of YHWH Audience will feel thankful, joyful and confident in YHWH's goodness
5b לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּ֑וֹ his loyalty is forever, Declarative Assertive Grounding call to thank and bless (v. 4b-c) and all preceding statements in YHWH's faithfulness
5c וְעַד־דֹּ֥ר וָ֝דֹ֗ר אֱמוּנָתֽוֹ׃ and his faithfulness continues through generation after generation.